memory optimization

The blog article provides guidance on optimizing Linux system performance by adjusting the `vm.swappiness` parameter, which defines the kernel's preference for swapping memory pages versus retaining them in physical memory. Tuning this setting can enhance system stability and performance, especially under varying workloads. The article also introduces a script to dynamically adjust `vm.swappiness` based on system load, offering a practical approach to resource optimization.

This Bash guide explains how to handle sparse arrays, which have missing indices unlike typical arrays. Sparse arrays are created by skipping indices during setup and are beneficial for managing datasets with missing elements. To iterate over a sparse array and access all initialized indices, use `"${!arrayName[@]}"`. Note that `${#arrayName[@]}` gives the count of defined elements, not the highest index. Mastery of sparse arrays is crucial for efficiently managing uneven data inputs and large datasets with absent values.